S4Hana_04: Database Installation

Preparation
Installation Options:
There are two different approaches provided by SAP for installing the SAP HANA database.
      SAP HANA Appliance: For SAP HANA Appliance, it is the complete responsibility of certified hardware partner to perform the installation of HANA components. 
      Tailored Data Center (TDI) Approach: For TDI approach, it is the responsibility of the certified administrator to perform OS installation and  HANA components 
Hardware Requirement: SAP HANA is available only for below 
Intel Based platforms
IBM Power systems
Software Requirement
As of now SAP HANA supports only the below to Operating System for HANA Database Installation
  SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)
In our case we are using Tailored Data Center Integration (TDI) approach with Intel Hardware and SUSE Linux Enterprise Server version 11 and Patch Level 3 with x86_64 architecture. Please make sure we have the RPM packages libgcc_s1 and libstdc++6 installed. 
Please refer SAP Note 2228351 - Linux: SAP HANA Database SPS 11 revision 110 (or higher) on RHEL 6 or SLES 11

Space Requirements: The amount of disk space (data volume log volume) required is based on the disk sizing. Disk space is required to store the data persistently that is kept in memory.

Disk space for data volume = 4*RAM

Disk space for log volume = 1* RAM

Please note that this space does not cover requirement for the backup

File System:

We need the following file systems to be created before starting the HANA database installation

File System	Description
/	Root Partition
/hana/shared/	File system for SAP mount directory for global files and profiles
/hana/data/	Directory for HANA data volumes.
/hana/log	Directory for HANA log volumes.

Media Download

For the installation media, please download the software from the below location.

SAP HANA PLATFORM EDITIONàSAP HANA PLATFORM EDIT 1.0 à Choose Installation

Here in our case we are installing the HANA Database SPS11 Rev 112. So we have selected the below installation files to download.

Once the download is completed please copy the files to the server and do the extraction.

https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/softwarecenter

The SAP HANA platform edition is the technical foundation of the SAP HANA platform and various SAP HANA editions. The SAP HANA platform edition comprises among others:

1. SAP HANA Database

2. SAP HANA Client

3. SAP HANA Studio

4. SAP HANA XS advanced runtime

5. SAP HANA XS Engine

6. SAP HANA Advanced Data Processing

7. SAP HANA Spatial

Perform Pre-step

    1. Hardware and file structure

Development		Quality		Production
Database HDB SPS12		Database HDB SPS12		Database HDB SPS12
Database SID	E1D	Database SID	E1Q	Database SID	E1P
Instance number	0	Instance number	0	Instance number	0
INSTANCE_NAME	HDB00	INSTANCE_NAME	HDB00	INSTANCE_NAME	HDB00
hostname	sape1ddb02	hostname	sape1qdb02	hostname	sape1pdb02
Environment	SLES 11.3	Environment	SLES 11.3	Environment	SLES 11.3
Linux Kernel	SLES 11.3	Linux Kernel	SLES 11.3	Linux Kernel	SLES 11.3
Memory	256 GB	Memory	2 TB	Memory	2 TB
High availability	No	High availability	No	High availability	No
CPU Total	32	CPU Total	72	CPU Total	72
Mount point	Size	Mount point	SIZE	Mount point	SIZE
/hana/shared	200 GB	/hana/shared	2 TB	/hana/shared	4 TB
/hana/data	400 GB	/hana/data	2 TB	/hana/data	3 TB
/hana/log	400 GB	/hana/log	1 TB	/hana/log	1 TB
/sapmnt	NR	/sapmnt	NR	/sapmnt	NR
/usr/sap	NR	/usr/sap	NR	/usr/sap	NR

        2. Snote for SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES) for Hardware requirement

SAP Note 1944799 - SAP HANA Guidelines for SLES Operating System

SAP Note 1855805 - Recommended SLES 11 packages for HANA support on OS level

SAP Note 1954788 - SAP HANA DB: Recommended OS settings for SLES 11 / SLES for SAP Applications 11 SP3

    3. File structure in details:

File System	Default Path	Recommendations
Root	/
sapmnt	/hana/shared/	shared between all hosts
	Subfolder of /hana/shared
	/hana/shared/SID	contain Below
	/hana/shared/SID/exe	contain exe
	/hana/shared/SID/profile	instance profile for hana database
	/hana/shared/SID/global	globally shared data
	/hana/shared/SID/sapdbctrl-config	HANA configuration files
	/hana/shared/SID/client	HANA client installation path
	/hana/shared/SID/hdbstudio	Hana studio
	/hana/shared/SID/HDB00	trace, HDB script and Home directory
System instance	/usr/sap
	Subfolder of /usr/sap
	/usr/sap/	path of local SAP system instance
	/usr/sap/SID/HDB00	Home directory of SIDADM
	/usr/sap/SID/SYS	symbolic links to system executables
	/usr/sap/hostctrl	Hostagent Directory
Data volume	/hana/data/<SID>
	Subfolder of /hana/data/<SID>
	/hana/data/HEH/mnt00001	data directory
Log volume	/hana/log/<SID>
	Subfolder of /hana/log/<SID>
	/hana/data/HEH/mnt00001	log directory

   

    4. Extract the file after downloading it will be similar to below

    5.  Decide SAP HANA System Types from single and distributed

             Single-host system - One SAP HANA instance on one host.

             Multiple-host (distributed) system - Multiple SAP HANA instances distributed over multiple hosts, with one instance per host. in our case it was Single host

   6. Ask OS team to Setup NTP server so the time on all the host present in sync.

      7. Install SAP Host Agent on all hosts of the SAP HANA system

      8. Make sure Linux kernel value is as per below

Program Name	Description	Location
hdbinst	Installing the software	Installation media
hdbsetup	Installation/upgrade tool with GUI	Installation media
hdbuninst	Uninstalling the software/host	Installation or <installation path>…
hdbaddhost	Adding a host to a system	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbupd	Updating the software	Installation media
hdbrename	Renaming a system	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbreg	Registering an SAP HANA system	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbremovehost	Removing a host	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbmodify	Removes and adds remote hosts.	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbupdrep	upgrading a repository	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin

      10. HDBLCM tool Info

Location of HDBPCM	Path
Inside Medium	<installation medium>/DATA_UNITS/HDB_LCM_LINUX_X86_64
On Installed system	<sapmnt>/<SID>/hdblcm

 11. HDBLCM Tool is combination of below tools

Program Name	Description	Location
hdbinst	Installing the software	Installation media
hdbsetup	Installation/upgrade tool with GUI	Installation media
hdbuninst	Uninstalling the software/host	Installation or <installation path>…
hdbaddhost	Adding a host to a system	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbupd	Updating the software	Installation media
hdbrename	Renaming a system	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbreg	Registering an SAP HANA system	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbremovehost	Removing a host	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbmodify	Removes and adds remote hosts.	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin
hdbupdrep	upgrading a repository	<installation path>/<SID>/global/hdb/install/bin

Users Created During Installation

User	Description
<sid>adm	The operating system administrator.
sapadm	The SAP Host Agent administrator.
SYSTEM	The database superuser.

Mandatory Installation Values

Parameter	System Default Value
autoadd_xs_roles	1 (on)
autostart	0 (off)
certificates_hostmap	<current host>
client_path	<sapmnt>/<SID>/hdbclient
components	client,server,studio
copy_repository	/hana/shared/<SID>/hdbstudio_update
datapath	/hana/data/<SID>
db_isolation	low
db_mode	single_container
groupid	79
home	/usr/sap/<SID>/home
hostname	<current host>
import_xs_content	1 (on)
install_hostagent	y (on)
prod_space_name	PROD
remote_execution	ssh
restrict_max_mem	(off)
root_user	root
sapmnt	/hana/shared
shell	/bin/sh
studio_path	<sapmnt>/<SID>/hdbstudio
studio_repository	1 (on)
system_usage	custom

Installation

Procedure: 

1. Before starting installation check GUI is enabled from Unix Server. We can check using xclock command as shown in following screenshot.

2. Go to the installation media path where the SAP HANA Database Lifecycle Manager is located 

cd <installation media>/DATA_UNITS/HDB_SERVER_LINUX_X86_64/

3. Start the SAP HANA platform lifecycle management tool i.e., ./hdlcmgui

4. Once we run the command ./hdbclmgui following screen will appear. Here in the screen we can see the detected software components. Click on Next 

5. Select Install New System Option and click on Next

6. Here I have selected the below 3 other optional components to be installed. Click on Next

7. As shown in the below screen choose System Type as ‘Single-Host system’. And click on Next

8. Here we need to provide the inputs as shown in the below screen and the parameter description as below.

Mandatory Fields: Please provide the SID and Instance number as a mandatory field. 

Default Values: Here the installation path and local host name by default it takes the values.

Database Mode: Here we can choose the values as single container or multiple container mode. Here we have selected the single container mode. Please refer the below link https://help.sap.com/saphelp_hanaplatform/helpdata/en/62/3afd167e6b48bf956ebb7f2142f058/content.htm

System Usage: Here we have 4 different usage types for HANA system. I have selected Custom Usage type 

Custom – System usage is neither production, test nor development

Test – System is used for testing, not production

Development – System is used for development, not production

Production – System is used in production environment

Restrict Maximum Memory Allocation: 

When we enable restricted maximum memory allocation then, Dynamic parameter called global_allocation_limit come into picture and HANA memory utilization is restricted, it is present in global.ini file.

Case1: By default global_allocation_limit=0,HANA use all of its own memory and in case more  memory is need then from OS up to 90% of the first 64GB+97%of the rest if available..

Refer SAP Note: 170449 how is default memory allocation limit calculated.

Case2: global_allocation_limit=<value you choose using the slider >

Restart System after machine reboot: if we enable this, when the host is rebooted HANA database will restart

Once all the parameters are provided please check and click on Next

9. In Define Storage properties, we need to specify the Data and log areas. The values will be taken by default as shown below. Please cross check and click on Next

10. In Define Certificate properties phase, we need to provide the Certificate Host name value. By default system takes the current host value. Click on Next

This is required for generation of self-signed SSL certificates for the SAP Host Agent. Please refer to the below link.

https://help.sap.com/saphelp_hanaplatform/helpdata/en/81/f52467fd764f6ab6ee7ade1c6fe9b9/content.htm

11. In Define System Administrator phase , following users will be created during the installation

Here as shown in screen provide the password for the operating system user which will created as part of HANA installation. Make sure password has at least 8 characters.

For Database user SYSTEM, make sure password has at least one Upper case letter.

12. Review the parameters before proceeding further on installation

Once the parameters are check please click on Install Button to proceed with the installation of HANA database

As shown in above screen, some required packages are being installed and instance is being created by the installer.

Once the instance is created as shown below, it is starting all the required services like index server, name server, preprocessor, dispatcher, xsengine

Once the services are started delivery units are being imported by the system as shown in below screenshot.

Once the HANA database is installed, as in below resident hdblcm is being installed as shown

The default location for the resident hdblcm is /sapmnt/<SID>/. Below screenshot showing the resident hdblcm installed on the host.

Once the Resident hdblcm is installed, the component SAP HANA AFL is being installed as shown in below screen. While installing this component system will restart the services. 

For installing the SAP HANA database client, it installs the required packages as shown below.

Once it is done HANA studio is being installed as shown below 

SSL certificates and host agent configurations are done in Registering SAP HANA Components on Local host phase as shown below in screenshots.

Once all the components are installed we can see the logs as shown below by clicking on view log button

Post Installation Checks

Users Created:  Operating system Users Sapadm, hdbadm created as shown below

Check the processes: Login as hdbadm user

Check whether process running or not by using HDB info command as shown below.

Check the installed directories: This check is just a validation purpose.

Check for the directories /hana/data

/hana/log

/hana/shared

Backup: Once the HANA database installation is completed it is recommended to take the backup of SAP HANA system